colorblind (red/green) person here - 5% of the male population just don't see color enough for it to be an important visual clue.
So sure, color-code your environments, but if you find someone about to do something to a red environment that they clearly should only be doing to a green environment, just check if they're seeing what you're seeing before you sack them ;)
My primary customer right now color codes both with "actual color", and with words - ie the RED environment is tagged with red color bars, and also big [black] letters in the [red] bars reading "RED"
So sure, color-code your environments, but if you find someone about to do something to a red environment that they clearly should only be doing to a green environment, just check if they're seeing what you're seeing before you sack them ;)