Here in Austria there is a free phone app (Handysignatur) that allows you to authenticate to a variety of services. It's a two factor system, so someone would need to steal both your phone and your password to impersonate you. For initial activation, you need to go to a government office and show your passport to verify your identity.
It's mostly used to log into government services, but you can also use it to digitally sign arbitrary PDFs.
Banks have their own system where you need an app from the bank to confirm your identity when logging into your bank account or to authorize payments.
As far as I know, identity theft is really not much of an issue here. The biggest weakness is phishing (eg. people could call and pretending to work for your bank, asking to you to confirm something on your phone app)
It's mostly used to log into government services, but you can also use it to digitally sign arbitrary PDFs.
Banks have their own system where you need an app from the bank to confirm your identity when logging into your bank account or to authorize payments.
As far as I know, identity theft is really not much of an issue here. The biggest weakness is phishing (eg. people could call and pretending to work for your bank, asking to you to confirm something on your phone app)