I didn't have a good offhand feel for how the ratio of large to small state populations has changed, so for whatever it's worth, the ratio between the largest and smallest state at various times:

1790: 12x (Virginia : Delaware)

1850: 36x (New York : Florida)

1900: 173x (New York : Nevada)

1950: 93x (New York : Nevada)

2000: 69x (California : Wyoming)

2020: 68x (California : Wyoming)