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> which is also why Ukraine punched above its weight in the space sector

In 1991 it was expected that independent Ukraine, a 52 million strong country, will basically be the next Spain.

What did it punch in the space sector in the last 30 years? They did indeed inherit a huge chunk of USSR industry and science and nothing went out of it.



Ukraine supplied engines for Vega's upper stage, co-developed the Antares and half of Firefly Aerospace's operations were in Ukraine office before the US forced them to divest from there. Considering that only a few months later Firefly would reach orbit, I think it reflects well on the capabilities Ukraine also must've had relative to their status as the poorest country in Europe.


They kept launching Tsyklon-2, Tsyklon-3, and Zenit-2 rockets. They developed Zenit-3 and Dnepr rockets from Soviet designs. The launches dropped off after 2014 since launch locations were Russian. Ukranian company builds the first stage for Antares rocket. They were working on Cyclone-4M rocket but war delayed if not canceled it.


> In 1991 it was expected that independent Ukraine, a 52 million strong country, will basically be the next Spain.

This was expected by who? At independence, Ukraine was one of the poorest countries in Europe, and it remains that way today.


This was expected by Ukrainians. They were talking about being the new France.

Ukraine fell behind even as far as their immediate neighbours are concerned.

The information about their participation in space programs were enlightening, though.




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