You're missing the broader point which is that employers, in general, do not have a claim on all of your time, and in general, there is no justification for the kind of on-call expectations some seem to have.
No, I am refuting the connection between these two points: employers, in general, do not have a claim on all of your time WHETHER THEY PROVIDE A DEVICE OR NOT.
It's no different to me whether my evening is interrupted via my personal device or a work one. People making a fuss over devices are missing the point.
The point is that the work device (whether it's a phone or laptop) can be turned off at the end of the day and stuck in a drawer to charge. It's not about the device, it's about not opening up a channel to your personal life to interruptions from work. One (but not the only) straightforward way to prevent this interruption is to physically separate devices. There are probably other ways.
Well depends on your definition of evil. If it ever becomes the expectation for a 9-5 admin job that you have to reply to your boss when he sends an email at 2am, while you're asleep, I'd call that evil.
I use Android with work profile and just turn it off at the end of the day (actually have it automatically scheduled). Definitely took some discipline at first but now I'm really disconnected on days off.
Different profiles do you no good. Under US law, if there's an investigation against your employer, you might be required to hand over any device that you used to access your work email, or other data. That's why your work phone should be a separate device, not just a profile.
I doubt any search warrant will respect simple ownership. If the police deem something evidence then under US law you will basically never see it again...
If you don't want to use your personal device for work, don't. But let's not pretend this is some great social, moral struggle against evil.