There has been a silent revolution in the last few decades which has resulted in a new branch of mathematics called Chaos Theory.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theory

It happens to be quite capable of making a science out of traditionally difficult to understand subjects such as economics, psychology and sociology.

https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:naTCJqLey4QJ:...

The comparison would have been absurd last century, not so much today.

How about astrophysics? Climate science? We don't always get a whole lot of experiments to do, sometimes one.